Hendrick Health physician warns of the dangers of summer heat

With temperatures rising, the risk of health problems linked to the heat also increases. Knowing the signs of heat-related illnesses can help keep individuals safe during the hot summer months.

According to Dr. Andy Russell, emergency medicine physician at Hendrick Health, knowing these symptoms can reduce the risk of more severe health issues.

Heat-related illnesses can include heat stroke, heat exhaustion, rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown) and fainting. If an individual begins to exhibit symptoms, such as a high temperature, dizziness, nausea or weakness, they should drink water or fluids filled with carbohydrates and electrolytes, sit down and relax in a cool place, wear appropriate clothing to cool down and wash the face, head or neck with cold water.

To keep a healthy body temperature, Russell suggests wearing lightweight and loose-fitting clothing, staying in cool or air-conditioned areas when possible, using the stove or oven less to maintain a lower temperature in the house and taking a cool shower or bath.

“The best time of day to be outside is going to be earlier in the morning or the evening around sunset,” said Russell. “If you have to be out in the middle of the day, find a shady place and take a rest often, along with frequent water breaks. People always tend to underestimate how much they need to drink.”

Additional advice includes not leaving anyone, especially children and pets, in vehicles. And, necessary outdoor activities should be scheduled around the highest temperatures of the day. Wearing sunscreen and avoiding hot, heavy meals also is beneficial.

“Anybody can become a heat casualty, but there are certain people that are more prone,” said Russell. “This includes the elderly, young children and babies, as well as people with other existing health conditions.”

Symptoms of heat stroke include:
• Confusion or altered mental status
• Slurred speech
• Loss of consciousness (coma)
• Hot, dry skin or profuse sweating
• Seizures
• Very high body temperature

Symptoms of heat exhaustion include:
• Headache
• Nausea
• Dizziness
• Weakness
• Irritability
• Thirst
• Heavy sweating
• Elevated body temperature
• Decreased urine output

If an individual is experiencing any of these symptoms, contact a healthcare provider or call 911 immediately.